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The lessons from America's astonishing economic record

美国惊人的经济记录所带来的教训
———The world's biggest economy is leaving its peers ever further in the dust
———世界上最大的经济体正在把它的同伴们甩得越来越远
If there is one thing that Americans of all political stripes can agree on, it is that the economy is broken.Donald Trump, who saw trade as a rip-off and his country in decline, came into office promising to make America great again. President Joe Biden is spending $2trn remaking the economy, hoping to build it back better. Americans are worried. Nearly four-fifths tell pollsters that their children will be worse off than they are, the most since the survey began in 1990, when only about two-fifths were as gloomy. The last time so many thought the economy was in such terrible shape, it was in the throes of the global financial crisis.
如果有一件事是所有政治派别的美国人都同意的,那就是经济已经崩溃。唐纳德-特朗普认为贸易是一种敲诈,他的国家正在衰退,他上任时承诺让美国再次伟大。总统乔-拜登正在花费2万亿美元重塑经济,希望能把它重建的更好。美国人很担心。近五分之四的人告诉民意调查员,他们的孩子会比他们更糟糕,这是自1990年开始调查以来最多的一次,当时只有约五分之二的人如此悲观。上一次有这么多人认为经济状况如此糟糕的时候,是在全球金融危机的阵痛中。
文章指出美国的经济令人惊叹,但绝大多数美国人仍认为经济已经破裂。唐纳德·特朗普曾认为贸易是一种敲诈,而乔·拜登总统正花费2万亿美元重塑经济,希望将其变得更好。调查显示,近四分之三的美国人认为他们的孩子未来的生活将不如自己,这是自1990年调查开始以来最高的比例,上一次这么多人认为经济处于如此糟糕的状态是在全球金融危机期间。
astonishing adj.惊人的 peer n.同等地位的(人) stripe n.类型 rip-off 敲诈 gloomy adj.沮丧的 in the throes of 处于(阵痛)中
Yet the anxiety obscures a stunning success story— one of enduring but underappreciated outperformance. America remains the world's richest, most productive and most innovative big economy. By an impressive number of measures, it is leaving its peers ever further in the dust. For the world as a whole, America's outperformance says much about how to grow. One lesson is that size matters. The size and the quality of the workforce matters, too. Another lesson is the value of dynamism.
然而,这种焦虑掩盖了一个惊人的成功故事——持久但被低估了的的优异表现。美国仍然是世界上最富有、最具生产力和最具创新性的大经济体。根据一些令人印象深刻的衡量标准,它正在将其同伴进一步甩在身后。对于整个世界来说,美国的优异表现说明了很多关于如何增长。一个经验教训是,规模很重要。劳动力的规模和质量也很重要。另一个教训是活力的价值。
文章揭示了美国经济令人惊叹的成功故事,但大多数美国人仍感到焦虑。然而,美国仍然是世界上最富有、最有生产力和最有创新力的大经济体。通过许多令人印象深刻的指标,美国正在将其同行远远甩在身后。对于整个世界来说,美国的优越表现说明了很多增长的方法。其中一个教训是规模很重要,工作人员的数量和质量也很重要。另一个教训是活力的价值。
obscure v.掩盖 stunning adj.让人惊叹的 enduring adj.持久的 outperformance n.优异表现 innovative adj.有创意的 dynamism n.活力
Americans should find the economy's performance reassuring. If history is a guide, living standards will continue to go up for the next generation, even as the country bears the costs of decarbonising theeconomy. Yet, resilient as the growth record has been, there are shadows. The middle class has seen its post-tax incomes rise by less than those of both the poorest and the richest. And life expectancy in America lags shamefully behind others in the rich world, mainly on account of too many younger people dying from drug overdoses and gun violence. Tackling such problems should be easier when the economy as a whole is growing. But America's poisonous politics are no help.
美国人应该发现经济的表现令人欣慰。如果历史是一个指南,即使国家承担了经济去碳化的成本,下一代的生活水平仍将继续提高。然而,尽管增长记录是有弹性的,但也有阴影。中产阶级的税后收入增长低于最贫穷和最富有的人的收入。美国人的预期寿命可耻地落后于富裕世界的其他国家,主要原因是太多年轻人死于毒品服用过量和枪支暴力。当整个经济在增长时,解决这些问题应该更容易。但美国的有毒政治没有任何帮助。
文章指出,美国的经济表现令人欣慰,历史指导下,生活水平将继续提高,尽管国家正在承担经济去碳化的成本。然而,尽管增长记录是有弹性的,但仍存在一些阴影,如中产阶级税后收入的增长低于最贫穷和最富有的人,而美国的寿命预期也落后于其他富裕国家,主要是由于太多年轻人死于毒品过量和枪支暴力。文章还指出,当整个经济在增长时,解决这些问题可能会更容易,但美国的有毒政治没有任何帮助。
decarbonize v.脱碳 resilient adj.有弹性的 Life expectancy 预期寿命 lag v.落后 on account of 由于 overdose n.服药过量 tackle v.对付
In addition, the more that Americans think theireconomy is a problem in need of fixing, the more likely their politicians are to mess up the next 30 years. Although America's openness brought prosperity for its firms and its consumers, both Mr Trump and Mr Biden have turned to protectionism and the politics of immigration have become toxic. Subsidies could boost investment in deprived areas in the short term, but risk dulling market incentives to innovate. In the long run they will also entrench wasteful and distorting lobbying. The rise of China and the need to fight climate change both confront America with fresh challenges. All the more reason, then, to remember what has powered its long and successful run.
此外,美国人越是认为他们的经济是一个需要解决的问题,他们的政治家就越有可能把未来30年搞得一团糟。虽然美国的开放性为其企业和消费者带来了繁荣,但特朗普和拜登先生都转向了保护主义,移民政治也变得有毒。补贴可以在短期内促进贫困地区的投资,但有可能使市场对创新的激励变得迟钝。从长远来看,它们还将巩固浪费和扭曲的游说活动。中国的崛起和应对气候变化都使美国面临新的挑战。因此,更有理由记住是什么推动了美国长期的成功繁荣。
文章指出,美国的经济虽然令人惊叹,但绝大多数美国人仍认为经济已经破裂。唐纳德·特朗普认为贸易是一种敲诈,而拜登总统正花费2万亿美元重塑经济,希望将其变得更好。美国人的焦虑掩盖了一个惊人的成功故事,即美国仍然是世界上最富有、最有生产力和最有创新力的大经济体,正在将其同行远远甩在身后。文章还指出,当整个经济在增长时,解决问题可能会更容易,但美国的有毒政治没有任何帮助。保护主义和有毒的移民政治可能会损害未来的增长,补贴可能会使市场对创新的激励变得迟钝,导致浪费和扭曲的游说活动。虽然中国的崛起和应对气候变化都为美国提出了新的挑战,但需要记住推动其长期成功的原因。
prosperity n.繁荣 subsidy n.补贴 deprived adj.匮乏的 dull v.使变钝 incentive n.刺激 entrench v.巩固 distort v.扭曲 lobbying n.游说
 
  • Author:AuK
  • URL:https://tangly1024.com/article/098fb53a-6fa8-4096-a9ff-54bb6401c04f
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